Cancer of the Rectum: References

National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute. Rectal cancer treatment. http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/rectal-treatment-pdq. Updated January 29, 2016. Accessed August 2016.

National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute. Colorectal cancer screening FAQ. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/detection/colorectal-screening. Updated July 7, 2016. Accessed August 2016.

Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, et al. (2014). Cancer of the Rectum. Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology (Fifth Ed), Ch. 78, 1336-1359.e8. Philadelphia: Saunders.

You YN. Ostomy. American College of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. https://www.fascrs.org/patients/disease-condition/ostomy-0. Accessed July 2016.

US Department of Health & Human Services. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2012 National and regional estimates on hospital use for all patients from the HCUP nationwide inpatient sample. http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/HCUPnet.jsp. Accessed July 22, 2014.