Kidney Stones (Renal Calculi): References

Ureteral stenting and nephrostomy. American College of Radiology. http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=ureteralnephro. Updated August 5, 2013. Accessed December 2015.

National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Pyelonephritis (kidney infection) in adults. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/pyelonephritis/. 2012. Accessed January 9, 2015.

National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Kidney stones in adults. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/stonesadults/. 2012. Accessed January 9, 2015.

National Kidney Foundation. Kidney stones. http://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/kidneystones.cfm. 2012. Accessed January 12, 2015.

Schade G, Faerber G. 2010. Urinary tract stones. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice , 37(3), 565-581. Philadelphia: Elsevier.

Taal M et al. 2011. Brenner and Rector's the kidney [9th ed.]. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders.

US Department of Health & Human Services. National and regional estimates on hospital use for all patients from the HCUP nationwide inpatient sample. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/HCUPnet.jsp. 2012. Accessed July 22, 2014.