Opioid Use Disorder/Opioid Intoxication/Opioid Withrawal. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013:541-549.
National Institutes of Health. Drug Facts: Heroin. National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/heroin. Last modified 10/2014. Accessed 3/26/16.
National Institutes of Health. Heroin. National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/heroin/letter-director. Last modified 11/2014. Accessed 3/26/16
Heroin. National Drugs Campaign, Dept of Health, Australian Government. http://www.drugs.health.gov.au/internet/drugs/publishing.nsf/content/heroin. Last modified 3/2014. Accessed on 3/26/16.
Upadhyay J, Maleki N, Potter J et al. Alterations in brain structure and functional connectivity in prescription opioid-dependent patients. Brain. 2010;133(7):2098-2114. doi:10.1093/brain/awq138.
Frances R, Miller S, Mack A. Clinical Textbook Of Addictive Disorders, 3rd Ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2011.